近期，中国社会科学院亚洲研究中心2006年度研究项目——《亚洲的城市移民——中国、马来西亚和韩国三国的比较》顺利通过结项。该研究项目由中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所研究员张继焦博士主持。
    最近20多年来，中国学者和政府有关部门（如农业、公安等部门）越来越关注本国的城市流动人口（城市移民）问题，但是，还较少实地调查和研究亚洲其他国家的同类问题。
    本研究项目的成果共有365页、约30万字，主要从都市人类学的角度，基于在东亚的中国和韩国、东南亚地区的马来西亚等三个亚洲国家的实地调查资料，针对这三个国家中的城市移民现象进行了较为深入的分析：既对这三个亚洲不同国家的城市化进程、不同类型移民（如国内移民、少数民族移民、外国移民等）城市的适应过程、状况和特点等进行了分别的描述，也对三个国家的不同城市化进程、不同类型移民和不同民族移民的城市适应的共同点和不同点等进行了比较分析。
    关于城市移民的研究，人们往往从经济的视角看得较多，因为城市移民的收入提高与对城市的经济建设的作用是显而易见的。但是，城市移民不仅仅是人口在空间上移居城市，也是移民从农村人向城市人的转变过程，它涉及到城市移民的职业生涯、生活方式、价值观念和社会心理等方面的转变过程。研究城市移民及其适应问题，不仅是移民研究中的一个核心问题，也对我国实施城市化、现代化的具有现实意义。
    国内的流动人口研究，大多侧重于国内情况，较少有不同国家移民之间的比较研究，开展中国、韩国和马来西亚三个国家城市移民的比较研究，不但有助于推进我国流动人口研究的深入开展，而且有助于推动我国人类学与民族学研究的发展，还可以为其他学科提供一个有价值的解释框架。
    
    A New Research Project by Chinese Scholars
    ---- “Urban Migrants in Asia：A Comparative Study among China, Malaysia and South Korea”
    
    Du Fachun
    Associate Professor, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, CASS
    
    A new research project on “Urban Migrants in Asia：A Comparative Study among China, Malaysia and South Korea” has been finished by China’s scholars in Dec., 2006.
    This project was directed by Prof. & Dr. Zhang Jijiao, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and its financial support was provided by Center for Asia Research, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
    There are an estimated 192 million migrants worldwide in 2005, up from 176 million in 2000. Migrants comprise 3.0 per cent of the global population. The number of Asian migrants has increased from 28.1 million in 1970 to 43.8 million in 2000 (UN, 2004).
    Migration is now an essential, inevitable and potentially beneficial component of the economic and social life in Asia. Governments and scholars in different Asian countries have paid more and more attention to migration with the globalization.
    In recent years, more and more Asian migrants are finding work closer to home. On the one hand, migrants from China, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam have turned more to neighbouring destinations in East and Southeast Asia for employment, rather than the Middle East. For example, China and Malaysia are both sending and receiving migrant countries. On the other hand, many migrants are unauthorized. undocumented migrants in Japan, South Korea, China and Malaysia are driven there by poor economic conditions and internal conflicts in neighbouring countries.
    In past over 20 years, most of migration studies in china focused on the domestic migrants and based on economical or population approach. This research project on “Urban Migrants in Asia：A Comparative Study among China, Malaysia and South Korea” surveyed and analyzed urban migrant from the perspective of urban anthropology.
    There were 365 pages in the research report.
    This project report focused on urban migrants in Asia, which based on the field work in the three countries: China (East Asia), South Korea (East Asia) and Malaysia (South-east Asia). Its framework included two main aspects: (1) described urbanization in the three countries, and the different types of urban migrants’ adaptation and situation and characteristics; (2) analyzed comparatively similarity and difference of urbanization in three different Asian countries and their different types of urban migrants’ adaptation and situation and characteristics.